Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi will meet with China’s top diplomat on Tuesday in a sign of easing tensions after a yearslong standoff between the nuclear-armed neighbors.

India and China are aware of the “very high political, economic and military cost of frozen relations,” he says. “China felt it had pushed India too close to the U.S. while India realized that it was losing its vaunted strategic autonomy by getting too close to Washington and turning Beijing into an adversary.”